Important Diseases of Rabi Jowar
Important Diseases of Rabi Jowar
1. Grain smut
2. Loose smut
3. Downy mildew
4. Striga (Root parasite of jawar)
1. Grain Smut:
Symptoms:
1. It is fungal disease of Jowar.
2. The affected plant shows stunted growth with weak stem.
3. The grains of infected plants transformed into elongated sorus.
4. The sorus is filled with black spore of fungus.
Control Measure:
1. Seed treatment with 300 mesh sulphur powder @ 6 gm/kg seed.
2. Seed treatment with thiram @ gm/kg seed.
2. Loose Smut:
Symptoms:
1. The affected plants remain dwarf than healthy plants.
2. The stalks produce large number of tillers.
3. The earheads contains blackish powder of fungal sori.
Control Measure:
1. Seed treatment with 300 mesh sulphur powder @ 6 gm/kg seed.
2. Seed treatment with thiram @ gm/kg seed.
3. Downy Mildew:
Symptoms:
1. The fungus growth is occur on the leaves.
2. The leaves turn pale yellow covered with white fungal growth on underside.
3. The affected plant remains stunted and sterile.
Control Measure:
1. Remove and destroy affected plant.
2. Fallow good crop rotation.
3. Improve drainage condition of soil.
4. Grow disease resistant variety.
4. Striga (Parasite of Jawar):
1. It is also called as tarphula or alap.
2. It is phanerogamic root parasite plant found in Jowar and other crops belonging to Gramineae family.
3. The penetrating organ known as Haustoria makes connection with root xylum of Jowar plant and gets water and minerals from Jowar plant.
4. The affected plant becomes too weak and cause severe reduction in yield.
5. The attack of striga is more severe in light soil.
6. It reproduces abundant seed which retain their variability for 12 to 15 years and germinate when suitable host is available.
Control Measure:
It is not effectively control by cultural method.
1. It is control by spraying of 2, 4 – D @ 1 kg in 500 liters water/ha. for 2 to 3 times at an interval of 15 days interval.
2. It is also control by spraying of MCPA.
3. Spraying should be done before flowering of striga.