Types of Biofertilizers
Types of Biofertilizers
The common microorganisms which have shown positive increase in crop yield and can possibly be used as Biofertilizers are as below:
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Contributing Plant Nutrient |
Microorganisms |
Crop Benefited |
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A) Nitrogen |
1) Symbiotic Organisms |
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a) Rhizobium (Symbiosis with Legumes) |
Pulse Legumes: Chickpea, Pea, Lentil, Moong, Urad Bean, Pigeon Pea |
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Oil Legumes: Groundnut, Soyabean |
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Fodder Legume: Berseem, Lucern |
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b) Azolla (Water Fern) Azolla Ap. + BGA Symbiosis |
Rice |
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2) Associative Symbiotic Organisms |
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a) Azospirillum |
Sorghum, Perl Millet, Rice, Wheat, Finger Millet, Maize, Kodo Kutaki, Tomato, Chilli |
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3) Non Symbiotic Organisms |
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a) Azatobacter (Heterotrophs) |
Cereals: Wheat, Rice, Maize, Sorghum, Sugarcane |
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Vegetables: Onion, Brinjal, Tomato, Cabage |
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Flowers: Chrysanthemum, Marygold |
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b) Blue Green Algai (Photoautotrophs) |
Rice |
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B) Phosphorus |
1. "P" solubilizers and mineralizers |
For All Crops |
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a) Fungi – Aspergillus, Penicillum |
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b) Bacteria – Bacillus Psudomonas |
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2) "P" Absorbers (Root Fungus Symbiosis) |
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a) Versicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (VAM) |
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b) Ectomycorrhizae |
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c) Endomycorrizae Clomus |
Linseed, Maize, Wheat, Soyabean |